铁路术语
以下是常用的铁路基建术语:
Rail
Rails are long, sturdy struts of metal that rail vehicle wheels are designed to roll over.
Sleeper
Sleepers are wooden or concrete slabs placed under two rails to keep them parallel and fixated.
Ballast
Ballast is gravel placed under rails and sleepers to distribute the weight of trains and soften vibrations.
Track
Tracks are structures of rails, sleepers and ballast designed to safely guide trains along predetermined paths. Tracks can span vast distances, and typically end either with switches , or with buffer stops.
Buffer Stop
Buffer stops are barriers placed at track ends, designed to prevent trains from derailing .
编组场:
级联的平行轨道组,用于对列车进行分类和存储。院子轨道通常会在两端汇聚,并且至少包含一条始终保持畅通无阻的轨道,以便于机动。在车站示意图上,每个院子都有自己的字母名称。
Wye
三角岔路:
轨道从三个方向会聚,形成一个三角形。对让火车掉头很有用。
灯泡线:
合并回自身的转向轨道。对让火车掉头很有用。
复线:
两条单向轨道在相反的方向并排运行。
避让线:
设计用于允许两列火车在单轨铁路上通过的侧轨。
接触网:
设计用于在轨道上承载架空电线的基础设施,用于为电动轨道车辆供电。
车库:
可以容纳一辆或多辆轨道车辆。用于车辆维修和存放。
扇形车库:
大容量,r由转盘进入的圆形仓库。